Some software synthesizers, such as Image-Line's 3xOSC (included with their DAW FL Studio) have DAHDSR (delay, attack, hold, decay, sustain, release) envelopes.Ī common feature on many synthesizers is an AD envelope (attack and decay only). The delay setting determines the length of silence between hitting a note and the attack. Modern synthesizers, such as the Prophet '08, have DADSR (delay, attack, decay, sustain, release) envelopes. Multiple attack, decay and release settings may be found on more sophisticated models.Ĭertain synthesizers also allow for a delay parameter before the attack. The General Instrument AY-3-8912 sound chip includes only a hold time parameter the sustain level is not programmable.Īnother common variation in the same vein is the AHDSR (attack, hold, decay, sustain, release) envelope, in which the hold parameter controls how long the envelope stays at full volume before entering the decay phase.
This holds notes at the sustain level for a fixed length of time before decaying. Some envelopes, such as that of the Korg MS-20, have an extra parameter, hold. These were later simplified to the modern ADSR form (Attack time, Decay time, Sustain level, Release time) by ARP. įollowing discussions with engineer and composer Vladimir Ussachevsky (then head of the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center) in 1965, Moog developed a new envelope module whose functions were described in f T1 (attack time), T2 (initial decay time), ESUS (sustain level), and T3 (final decay time). The envelope generator became a standard feature of synthesizers. He refined the design to remove the need to push a separate button with every keypress, with two switches on every key: one to produce the control voltage determining pitch and the other to trigger the envelope generator. Moog wired a doorbell button to the synthesizer and used a capacitor to store and slowly release voltage produced from hitting a key. While experimenting with the first Moog synthesizers, composer Herbert Deutsch suggested Moog find a way to articulate the instrument so notes did not simply trigger on and off. The envelope generator was created by the American engineer Robert Moog in the 1960s. A seven-position rotary knob selects preset ADS parameter for all 72 notes a pedal controls the release. The Hammond Novachord in 1938 used an early implementation of an ADSR envelope. The ADSR envelope controls of a Korg ARP Odyssey synthesiser
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